Gill-drawing frame



33 w. HQLDSWQRTH 1,876,935

GILL DRAWING FRAME Filed May 29, 1930 4 Sheets-Sheet l ifm/f alza/ze Sept. 13, 1932. w. HoLDswoRTs-l 1,876,936

GILL DRAWING FRAME 'y Filed May 29, 1950 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 SePt- 13, 1932- w. HoLDSwoRTH 1,876,936

GILL DRAWING FRAME lFiled May 29, 1930 4 sheets-sheet 3 Sept. 13, 1932. w, HOLDSWORTH 1,876,936

GILL DRAWING FRAME Filed May 29, 1950 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 WWW ii) ment of the faller-bars when it is required to drawings:

25 whereby the faller-bars may be lifted out driven in unison-.from the shaftv or spindle Patented' sept. 13, 1932 f. :v 1,876,936

UNITED! STATES 'PATENT OFFICE Application filed May 29,1930. Serial No. 457,062.'

This invention relates to gill-drawing f Another object of the invention is to proframes or like machines and consists in imvide in a gill-drawing frame means whereby provenients in the construction and ar'rangekafter the faller-bars have been placed in the m-ent of the gill-screws forV traversing the screws the driving gears therefor may be re- 5 toothed faller-bars which act on the material turned into intermeshing relationship and 5 as it is drawn through the frame. i properly indexed to'secure the correct timing The invention relates particularly to gillof the screws and their cams. drawing frames or gill-boxes of the so-called Another object of the-invention is to pro- French type in whichl two opposite sets of vide a device of the type specified which may v l0 faller-bars are arranged with their teeth or be constructed in .the form of an attachment 30 pins intersecting and adapted to be traversed or fitment adapted to be applied-to gill-drawthrough the fibers in one directionand then ing frames of usual design and construction returned at'the end of their strokeI to repeat without material alteration therein or reconthe traverse to provid-e for the continuous struction thereof. l

15 operation of theJ teeth on the material. Further objects of the invention are set d One object of the invention is to provide vforth in the following specification which in a gill-drawing frame an arrangement o f describes a preferred form of constructionof the traverse screws which permits a quicker the device, by way of example, as illustrated and more convenient removal and replaceby the accompanying drawings. VIn the change the same for any purpose. Fig. l isa longitudinal elevation of the two Another object of the invention' is to propairs of gill-screws at one side of the Inavide in a gill-drawing frame means for movchine, showing the arrangement of their jouring lone set of screws away from the other set nals and the gears which connect them to be without requiring the screws to be turned to of the bottom screw; f release the bars individually. Fig. 2 is ,a similar view illustrating the Another object of the invention is to prohinged connection between the bearings for vide in a gill-drawing frame an improved the upperand lower pairs.V of screws and 00 journal mounting for the gill-screws whereby showing the upper set of screws swung open to more rigidly hold the several screws in with respect to the lower set to provide for alinement and prevent excessive wear on the the removal and replacement of the 'fallerbearings. bars in the threads of the screws;

Another object of the invention is to prolFig.'A 3 is an end Yview in elevation of the 35 vide in a gill-drawing frame an improved journal boxes or bearings for the several construction of the` gill-screws and their coscrews showing the same in operative relaoperating cams which permits the faller-bars tionship with their driving gears in mesh; to enter the threads of the screws iin line with 1Fig.V 4: Y is an end elevation of the same the axes thereof to travel a straight course4 viewed in'the'opposite direction and showing "10 throughout the whole length of thev screwsto the normal position ofthe faller-bars with reeffect a maximum length of operative stroke spect to the screws; and with the pins or teeth in full engagement y Fig. 5 is aV sectional elevation taken on line with the material. 5 5 of Fig. 1 and illustrating the. two sets Another object of the invention is to proof screws at each side of the machinewith vide in a gill-drawing frame means whereby the faller-bars extending therebetween, cerwhen the opposite faller-bars enter the tain ofthe barsbeing shown in transfer from threads of their respective screws Vthey are the return screws to the opposite screws. prevented from canting or rocking so'that In certain types of gill-.drawing frames, their teeth will not strike and be bent or particularly in the French or Swisstype, two broken. l Y. v pairs of gill-screws are employed at Veither side of the machine with a series of opposite fallers having intersecting teeth or pins arranged to be traversed thereby in one direction during the working stroke and transerred to the return screws to be carried back in the opposite direction and again shifted to the first-mentioned screws to provide for a continuous traversing' movement thereof. With the usual construction of this type of machine where the taller-bars are arranged in opposite relationship during their workingV stroke with their pins intersecting it is a laborious and time-consuming operation'to remove the bars from the machine. That is to say, the screws must be slowly rotated by hand to transf-er the bars to the return screws, from which they are removed one at a time. As an improvement over this arrangement the present invention contemplates the provision of means whereby the two pairs of screws at either side of the machine may be swung open or moved apart to allow the bars to be lifted out of the screws in groups rather than removed individually.

As a further feature of the present invention the form and construction of the screws provide that when the bars are transferred into the screws which traverse them during the working stroke they are immediately centered with the axes of the screws so as to be traversed in a straight line with a maximum engagement of their intersecting teeth with the ibers throughout the full extent of operative stroke equal to the length of the threaded portion of the screws. This arrangement is of very considerable advantage because in gill-drawing frames of the present type the screws are relatively short and to attain maximum eiiiciency the taller-teeth must be engaged with the ibers to the fullest Vpossible extent during their working stroke.

As still another important feature ot improvement the present invention provides means for preventing the bars from canting or rocking as they are transferred into the threads of the opposite screws so that the points of their teeth will not strike and become bent or broken.

Referring to the drawings, 2 designates the hinged journal block or bearing-member for ythe two pairs oitl gill-screws at one side of the frame, the two sections 3 and 4 thereof being provided with suitable lugs or ears 5 and 6 having slots 7, 8, for receiving the bolts which attach the taller-guides, not herein illustrated, in proper relation to the screws. It will be understood that there is a journal block 2 at each side of the machine :trame as repre sented in F ig. 5 of the drawings, but as both members are of the same construction and arrangement only one will be described in detail. The bottom section 3 of the journal block 2 is rigidly attached to the side frame of the machine by any suitable means, Fig. 4 showing bolts 11 passing through holes 12 in the frame and screwed into the side of the block.

rThe upper section 4 of the journal block normally rests against the flat top face 14 of the lower section 3, the joint being broken with a vertical shoulder at 15 to form a ledge or offset portion which holds the two sections in alinement when they are closed together. The upper section 4 may be arranged to move away from the lower section in any suitable manner and, preferably, a hinged joint 17 is provided with its axis substantially coincident with the parting line between the two members 3 and 4. The hinge between the two sections 3 and 4 may be constituted by ears 18 and, 19 projecting from the rearward side ot' each section and formed with hubs20 and 21, respectively, through which extends a pivot pin or stud held in place by a washer 26 and nut 27, see Fig. 3. The upper ear 18 has a laterally projecting flange or lip 28disposed with its end in position to strike against the en d or" a lip 29 on the lower ear 19, see F ig. 1, whereby to form a stop for limiting the movement of the upper section 4 when it is swung open as illustrated in Fig. 2 of the drawings.

A. square-headed bolt through a hole 23 in the upper section 4 o the journal block with its thread-ed end screwed into a tapped hole 24 in the lower section 3, see F ig. 4, to hold the two parts of the bearing member in connected relationship.

22 passes down The lowermost screw 30 of the set of 'four at each side of the machine, which is the return screw for the bottom pair, is constituted asV the drive-shaft for the other screws in the series. F or this purpose it is constructed with a reduced axially from its end and j ournaled in a capped bearing 32 which may form a part of or be suitably attached to the side frame 10 of 'the machine. At the end of the spindle 31 is a bevel gear 33 keyed or cured thereto. The bevel gear 33 meshes with a similar gear on a horizontal driving' shaft, not herein illustrated, which extends across the machine to connect' the screws on the opposite sides thereof to be driven from a suitable source of power in accordance with the usual arrangement in machines of the present type.y l v Arranged above and in parallel ship with the bottom screw 30 is a top-screw 35 having threads of relatively tine pitch adapted to traverse the taller-bars 38, see F ig. 4, during their operative stroke, the bottom screw 30 being of coarser pitch as clearly shown in the drawings to effect a more rapid return of the bars during their inoperative stroke; the construction and arrangement of each pair yci screws beingV in accordance with the usual custom as is well known to those versed in the art. The screw relationspindle 31 extending otherwise suitably seso-called l' 35 has a reduced shank 36 with a larger .bearing-boss 47 journaled in a bearing 37 formed integral with and projecting from the side of the section 3 of the journal block or member 2.

The bottoni-screw 30 is provided with a spur gear 40 having its yteeth meshing with those of a similar gear 41 fast on the shank end of the top-screw 35. 'The gear 40 is keyed to the spindle 31 of the bottom-screw 30 by means of a pin 42 driven throughits hub, while the gear 41 is secured fast on the reduced end 43 of the top-screw 35 by means of nuts 44 set up against a wash-er. The nuts 44 engage the threads on the end of a bolt 45 extending through an axial bore in the screw 35, the bolt serving as a means for fastening thefaller-cam to the oppositeend of the screw in the manner as later explained. The gear 41 is held rotatively on the end lof the screw 35 by means of a stud 46 screwed into the end of the bearing-boss 47 andhaving a reduced portion- 48 engaging one of a number of holes 49 .in the gear. As illustrated in Fig. 3 of the drawings, the gear 41 is provided with a series of holes 49 arranged circumferentially of its axis and spaced at unequal distances apart to provide Vfor adjusting the gear to index its teeth in proper relationship with the threads on the screw 35. e

A iange 50 on the shank of the screw 35 abuts one side of the bearing 37 and the hub of the gear 41 abuts its opposite side to take the axial thrust of the screw. To provide for the lateral thrust on the screws 30 and 35 at their outer ends their peripheries are pocketed in circular recesses or bores on the lower section 3 of th-e journal. block, see Fig. 4, the

screw 30 turning in a socketed bearing 51 andA the screw 35 in a similar socket 52. It will be noted that the socket y51 for the bottomscrew 30 is open on the front and is extended forwardly to the vertical face 58, thus forming a shelf or ledgekat the top of the screw; while the upper socket 52 terminates at the parting line 15 of the joint between the sections 3 and 4 so as not to interfere with-the engagement of the ends o-f the faller-bar with the threads of the screws. Below the bottomscrew 30 the bearing member is extended in a shelf or ledge 54 forming a mounting for the bottom saddle 55 which is bolted thereto at 56 and serves as the support or track on which the faller-bars 38 slide. The saddle 57 for supportingthe fallers 38 as they travel in the top-screw 35 is secured tothe shelf or ledge 58, previously described, by means of bolts 59. The twoscrews 60 and 65 also have saddles and 76 bolted to ledges on the upper block section 4.

Theupper pair of gill-screws 60 and 65,

which traverse another set of bars 39, see Fig. l

4, are journaled in the hinged section 4 of the bearing block 2 in substantially the same manner as the screw 35, y Referring to Figi,

Vto adapt it to j receive a gear 68 secured fast thereonby 69 screwed onto the end of a bolt 70 extending the screw 65 is of less length than the topscrew 35 but its threads are of the same pitch traverse the fallers 39 during their working stroke in cooperative relationship ,with the fallers 38 traversed by the screw 35, that is with their teeth yin intersecting relationship as illustrated in Fig. 4 of the drawings. .The screw 60 traverses the fallers 39 in the .opposite direction to return them into position to be transferred back to the screw-65 after-they have completed one Working stroke and its arrangement is substantially the same las the bottom-screw 3() lirst described. The screwf65 has a boss 66, similar .to the boss 47 ony the screw 35, which is ournaled in a bearing formed by a projecting portion 67 of the section 4 of the block. The end of the screw 65 is reduced in diameter to nutsy axially through thescrew. A `stud 71 Vhas its reduced end projecting rthrough one kofa series of holes 72 in the gear 68 in the manner and lfor the purpose kas described in connection with the gear 41.

The screw 60 has a reduced portion 61 journaled inthe bearing projection 67, and a gear 62 is secured to the further reduced extension thereof by means of nuts 63 screwedA onto its end. A stud 64 keys the Ygear 62 rotatively with the screw 60 through its engagementl with one of a series of holes therein arranged in the manner as above described. The overhanging portion of the screws 6() and 65 are supported in bearing sockets 7 3 and 74, shown in'Fig. 4 as being of substantially the same construction as the sockets V51 and 52 in which the screws 30 and 35 turn.

As is'well known to those versed in the art the gill-barsor fallers are transferred from onel screw to the other at the ends thereof by means of faller-cams f rotating with the screws. The inner end of the screw 30 is provided with two opposite cams 77 which are constructed in the form of radial arms having feet 78 inserted in slots 79 inthe shank 8O of the screw 30, being secured in place by a bolt 81 with a nut 82 at one end thereof, see Figs. 1 and 5. Similar cams 83 are secured in slots in the cylindrical end of the uppermostscrew 60, Athe construction and method of fastening thecams in place being substantially the same as described in my United States Letters Patent No.`1,510,550, dated October 7 1924. Itis to be particularly noted that that portionof the top-screw 35 which is located opposite the cams 77 is reduced in diameter, forming the shank 36, previously referred to. This shank portion 36 of the screw 35 is of greater diameter than its root portion screw, but of less dameter than the outer periphery of the threads so that the cams may pass through Vthe opening thereby provided, see Fig. v5, to lift the fallers 38 into central,-

at the bottom of the threads onthel Cil lio

ized position with respect to the axis of the top-screw 35. Through this provision, which constitutes an important improvement in the art, the faller-bars 38 are carried upwardly to a suliicient distance to cause them to be centered axially with the top-screws at either side of the machine as they enter the threads thereof. By this improved arrangement the fallers 38 are lifted into posit-ion for their teeth to fully engage the fibers at the beginning of their working stroke so that they will have the maximum eiliciency throughout the whole length of their traverse in the screws as will later be more fully explained.

The cams 83 on the return screw 60 of the upperpair are likewise arranged to carry the faller-bars downward to the full extent to engage them with the threads of the screws 65 in working position at the beginning of their operative stroke, the screw 65 having a neck or shank 84 less than the full diameter of its threads but greater than the root portion of the screw.

The cams at the outer ends of the screws 35 and 65 have radial arms similar to the cams at the'inner ends of the screws 30 and 60 but are held in place in a different manner. As shown most clearly in Figs. 1 and 4, the two opposite arms of the cams 85 are made integral with a central hub which is secured to the end ofthe screw 35 by means of the cylindrical. head 86 of the bolt 45, previously described, which extends through the axial bore of the screw. This construction is shown mere in detail in my United States Letters Patent No. 1,635,181, dated July 12, 1927, it being noted that the cam-arms have suitable keys engaging slots in the ends of the screws to hold them rotatively therewith. The cams 87 for the screw 65 are of the same .construction as the cams 85, being secured in place by the head 88 of the bolt 70 previously mentioned.

' During the operation of the machine the gill-screws act to traverse the faller-bars to comb the iibers in the manner as next explained. Vith the ser ws in operative relationship as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 4, one set of fallers 38 are arranged in close association with their ends resting on the saddles 57 at either side of the machine. The terminal portions ofthe faller-bars are chamfered olf at an angle, as illustrated in Fig. 4, to incline them in accordance with the inclination of the helical threads of the screws 35 at the opposite sides of the machine. The other set of fallers 39 is arranged in the same manner extending horizontally across the machine with their ends resting on the saddles 75 and their chamfered terminal portions engaging in the threads of the screws 65. It has been explained that-the screws 65 are of somewhat less length than the screws 35, and therefore a less number of fallers vare employed to be traversed from these latter screws as is the terasse usual practice in machines of the present type.

Referring to Fig. 4, it will be noted that the teeth 95 on the fallers 38 project vertically upward from the top thereof, while the teeth 9G on the opposite fallers 39 project downwardly from the bottom of these bars, the opposite teeth being staggered so that they alternate along the length of the bars. During the operative stroke of the bars 38 and 39 the latter are not directly in alinement, the teeth on one bar being slightly in advance of those on the adjacent opposite bar. In this way the teeth on the opposite fallers 38 and 39 are arranged in staggered relationship projecting entirely through the fibers which are drawn through the machine in a path equidistant between the opposite edges of the bars. W ith the machine operating under power the two opposite shafts er spindles 31 are turned in the direction indicated by the arrew a in Figs. 4 and 5, as driven from the bevel gears 33 which mesh with similar bevel gears on the not shown. The spindles 31 turn the screws 30 in the direction as above noted and through the gears and 41 drive the screws at either side of the machine in the opposite direction as indicated by the arrow in Figs. 4 and 5. rlhe gears 41 on the screws 35 mesh with the gears 68 on the screws 65 te drive the latter in the direction indicated by the arrow c in Figs. 4 and 5, and these gears in turn drive 'through the gears 62 to rotate the screws in the direction indicated by the arrow d. As before indicated, the screws 35 and 65 constitute the traversing-means for the faller-bars 38 and 39, respectively, during their the bars slide on the saddles 57 and 75.

As screws 35 and 65 turn in opposite directions their threads are of opposite inclination so that both sets of bars 38 and 39 will cross-shaft,

working stroke as j.

have the same direction of movement to niaintain their teeth 95 and 96 in intersecting relationship as they pass longitudinally through the iibers. As each bar 38 reaches the end of the threads in the screws 35 on the opposite sides of the machine it is enga-ged by the cams V on the outer ends of these screws to carry it down across the ends of the saddles 57 threads on the bottoni screws 30. F ig. 4 illustrates one of the bars 38 as being transferred downwardly from the screw 35 into the threads of the screw 30 at one side of the machine, the bar being guided in its transfer by spring-pressed conductors or fallerguides of usual construction acting against its sides, these latter elements being common te machines of the present type and net herein illustrated to avoid obscuring the other parts of the mechanism. As each faller 38 and into the leading end of the Y pri i ff

is transferred into the threads ofthe bottom- A W screws 30 its end come to rest on the lower to be transferred'back into thetop-screws'35.`

As the bars 38 complete their traverse in the return'screws 30 the cams 77 atthe rearj ward end of these screws come into action against the bottom of the bars to lift them up? manner as illustrated in Fig.

wardly in the Y 5; it being understood that both the bottomscrews 3() and the top screws 35 have double threadsso. that two cams are required oneach screw to act on the barsas theyemerge from the ends of the threads on opposite sidesof the screws. ed upwardly to engage its ends with the threads of the screws 35 the end of the cams 77 in engagement with bar pass under the reduced .neckor shank portion 36 of the screwsl 35 to provide for lifting each bar into central gards the axis of the two opposite scr'ews,x-at the instant that it`engages in the threads thereof. y i i 4It willbe noted by referencev to Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings that the left-'hand end of thesaddles 57 is beveledl off on its upper edge to a very slight extent ltoV provide a clearancefor the bars top ofthe saddlesas they start their `feed or traverse in thevthreads of the screws 35. In machinesof the present typev it has previously 'been found necessary to cut away or beve off the ends of the saddles yto .avery considerable extent so that the taller-bars are not immediately brought .into .centralized 'position with respect to the axes of the screws as they st-art their traverse in the threads thereof. That is to say, it has been the usual practice tolift the bars under the action of the cams only to a sufficient extent to partly engage them with the threads inV the topscrews, and thereafter the bars slide upwardly alongthe inclined upper edges of the saddles `to finally center them with respect .to the screws. This previous form of construction is deficient in that the bars start their operative or working stroke before their teeth are entered through or completely engaged with the fibers under treatment and, consequently, the efficiency of their. working stroke is reduced or curtained. Stated briefly, the bars are not immediatelyA brought into Tposiv tion to fully engage their teeth with the fibers so that they make a portion of their4 stroke without combing the fibers. Y" v Referring to Fig. 1, it will be noted that the rounded noseends of the cams 77 yare relatively broad so -that they formanadequate .support for the fallers 38 as the rlatter `are raised thereon.1` Furthermore, the fallers are guided by the lateral iins or flanges 90 at the ends of the cams as they are being them from rocking or tilting,

As the bar 38 in transfer is lift` the underside of thisl position, as .re-

38 toride onto the ranged- :with their which 'lie alongside the bars lifted, whereby to prevent' this particular construction of the cams being fully set forth in'my U. S. Letters Patent No. 1,510,550, previously referred to. As the bars enter the threads on the screw 35 they are held from rockingxor tilting dueto the fact that the leading end vor entrance to the thread groove is of a width corresponding to the thickness of the engaging ends of the bars. Stated another way, thev entrance to the thread groove is not widened beyond the thickness ofthe bar, as `has previously been the practice, so that the bar cannot rock in the threads, 'but is held firmly at either side.

' In previously usedconstructions the end of the gill-screw is not reduced in diameter and consequently a relativelywide slot or opening must be formed in its surface to- `allow the end of the'cams to pass therethrough. With `the present improved construction the shank of the screw is'reduced to? yan extent sufficient to let the cams pass thereacross, but at the same time sufficient stock remains so that the thread groove maybe formed therein to an 4adequatedepth to adapt it to engage the sides of the bar. Stated briefly, the thread extends into Ythe reduced end ofthe screw so that'it engages with the end of the faller-bar with a close fit to hold the latter from rocking. machine employing two sets of fallers -arteeth intersecting during the working stroke it is of utmost importance l to prevent the bars from rocking, wobbling or canting at the beginning of their traverse as their teeth' are liable to strike and vbebent or broken. 1 The bars are of themselves very costly to manufactureand when their teeth or pins become damagedthey must be removed and replaced by others, entailing further expense and loss of production in the machine. v

As each bar'38 is transferred from the bot-i..

tom-screws 30 to the top screws 35 it is once more traversed forwardly along the saddles 57 and when this bar reaches a kposition opposite the end of the shorter screws 65 a bar 39 of the other set is transferred from the return screws-60 downinto the threads of the screws in cooperative relationship with the firstmentionedbar. That is to say, as the bars 38 travel outwardly toward the end of the screws 35 other bars 39 are transferred to the screws 65 to be traversed in the same direction with the teeth 95 projecting from the bars 38 in intersecting relationship with the teethv96 ofthe bars 39 as clearly illustrated in Fig. 4 ofthe drawings. It will be understood that the threads of the feed screws `35 and 65 may be filled with bars, that is, the bars will be arranged in oppositeseries in close association. The threads on the screws 35 and 65 are of slight pitch as compared with those of the threads on the cooperating return screws 30 and 60 so that the bars are fed at vrelatively slow speed duringv their working stroke and returned at a faster rate to be'transferred back into the rearward ends of the screws 35 and 65.

It should be notedthat the arrangement of the cams 83 on the return screws 60 is the same as that of the cams 77 on the bottomscrews 30, the ends of the cams 83 being adapted to pass across the reduced portions Y 84of the screws 65 to carry the faller-bars down into centralized position with respect to the axes thereof; it being further noted that the leading end of the thread starts in the reduced portion 84 of the screw 65. The fallrers 39 are therefore caused to begin their working stroke with their teeth 96 completely overlapping the teeth 95 on the bars 38 to secure the maximum eiciency of operation on the fibers throughout the whole length of traverse of the bars.

When it is desired to remove any or all of the faller-bars fromvthe machine, as is frequently necessary in changing the character of the work or for repair or replacement of g the teeth on the bars, Ythe present improved arrangement provides for displacing one set i h of the blocks,

.'- the hands at one operation.

ofscrews with respect to the other so that the bars can be lifted out. Toopen up the screws the clamping bolt 22 in each journal block 2 is unscrewed and the upper halves that is, the sections 4, are swung upwardly on their hinges 25 in the manner illustrated in Fig. 2 until the stops 28 and 29 come vinto engagement. It will be understood that as the two opposite hinged sections 4 of the journal blocks are swung open inv this manner the faller-bars extending between the screws 60 and 65 at either side of the machine and resting on the opposite saddles 75 and 76 will be moved bodily upwardly withlthem. l/Vith the journal blocks open the bars 38 resting on the saddles 57 may be released from the threads ofthe screws 35 and readily lifted out of the machine, a whole group of bars being picked up or lifted in Such few of the bars as remain in the bottom-screws are then transferred upwardly onto the saddles 57 and these are then lifted out of the threads of the screws in a group in the same manthe ner as above explained. To remove the bars 39 from the upper pairs of screws 60 and 65 the latter are turned to transfer the bars into the threads of the screws from which they can be lifted out without impediment. It

will thus be seen that while heretofore it has been required that each of the bars 38 in the bottom pairs of screws 30 and 35 must be taken out singly by rotating the screws, a very laborious and time-consuming operation, with the present arrangement the operation is made more convenient and performed much more expeditiously.

lVhen the fallers or such of them as require replacement have been removed from screws and replaced by others the machine is again set in operation lby returning the upper sect-ions4 of the journal blocks 2 back into place. To accomplish this it is only necessary to Vswing the sections 4 down against'the top of the lower sections 3, after which the bolts 22 are screwed down into place to secure the parts iixedly together. Care must be taken to return the upper sections of the journal blocks into place with the correct indexing of the gears 41 and 68 which, when the sections are open, are thrown out of mesh as shown in Fig. 2. To provide for this the ends of the journal blocks are marked with lines or gauge-marks 97 and 98, shown in Fig. 4. Before closing the upper sections 4 of the blocks against the lower sections 3 the screws 65 are turned to bring the edge of one of the cams 87 in register with the mark 97 on the upper block section 4 and the screw 35 is turned to register the edge of one of the cams 85 with the mark 98. It will be understood that the screws at both sides of the machine are set in this relationship before closing the blocks together whereby to insure that the gears 4l and 68 will be properly indexed to cause the cams to be timed for proper sequence of operation.` Referring to Fig. 3 of the drawings, it is to be noted that the teeth on the gears 41 and 68 are formed with relatively sharp pointed ends so that they will more readily interengage when thevupper block sections are brought down into place. It will be observed from the foregoing that the present invention contemplates anovel construction and arrangement of the fallerscrews in gill-drawing frames for providing a more eiiicient action of the teeth of the faller-bars on the material being worked or treated, while further providing an ingenious arrangement of the journals for the gillscrews whereby the pairs of screws in the opposite sets may be displaced or swung part to facilitate the removal ofthe faller-bars therefrom and their replacement therein.

While the invention is herein described and illustrated as embodied in a preferred form of construction, it is to be understood that various modifications may be made in the design and arrangement of the parts of the device without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, without limiting myself in this respect. I claim the latter is transferred by the cam to traverse it from the screw, whereby to prevent the bar from rocking or canting.

2. In a machine of the type specified, a pair of gill-screws arranged in opposite parallel relationship, means for rotating the screws, a radially extending cam at the end of one screw for transferring thel faller-bars therefrom into the threads of the opposite screw, a cam at the end of the last-named screw for transferring the bars back to the first screw, the end of one screw having a shank portion of less diameter than the outer periphery 'of its threads and of greater diameter than the bottom portion of the threads with the end of the thread groove extended thereinto, and fallers arranged with their ends engaging the threads of the screws to adapt them to be traversed thereby, said fallers being transferred from one screw to the other by the cams with the cam on one screw turning past the reduced shank on the opposite screw to carry the faller into centralized position with respect to the last-named screw whereby its end will engage in the thread groove in the shank thereof to start its traverse while holding the faller from canting or rocking.

3. ln a gill-drawing frame, the combination with the faller-bars thereof, of a topscrew having relatively fine threads for travn ersing the faller-bars during their working stroke, a bottom-screw having coarser threads for returning the fallers in the opposite direction, a cam at the end of the top-screw for transferring the faller-bars therefrom into.

the threads ofthe bottom-screw, and a cam 5. An improved construction of gill-screw having a threaded portion of predetermined diameter and a shank portion of less diameter with the thread-groove of its larger portion Y continued into its reduced shank portion to form relatively shallow threads therein.

6. An improved construction of gill-screw having threads at one end and a reduced shank Vextending 1n an axial direction from its threaded portion, said shank being of WILLIE HOLDSWORTH.

' signature.

at the end of the bottom-screw extending l radially therefrom with its end reaching beyond the periphery of the threads on the topscrew, said top-screw being reduced in diameter at a point opposite the cambut of greater diameter than the bottom of its threads and with the end of the thread groove extended thereinto, whereby as a faller is lifted by the cam it is centralized with respect to the axis of the top-screw to engage its end with the thread groove in the reduced portion thereof to hold it from canting or rocking at the start of its traverse.

4f. A gill-screw having a shank-portion of less diameter than the periphery of its threaded portion and of greater diameter than the bottom of its threads with the end of the thread groove extending thereinto, a cooperating return screw having a radially extending cam at one end arranged opposite the shank of the first screw and adapted to turn 

